What types of engineers might use this data the most? HS-PS4-1. inch = 500 km. Shear wave from earthquake, moving slower than primary waves, through solid material only. Use this information to complete the following. In Figure 13.9, there is an example seismogram from a station that includes a minor earthquake. While earthquake locations are normally done with a computer that can quickly determine the paths of seismic waves through the Earth to many seismic stations, 15 Introduction to Geology Chapter Worksheet . 0000004457 00000 n (5 minutes) Discuss how gathering information on epicenters can be applied. Introduction: Before student pairs look at the Earthquakes Living Lab, direct them to complete the Engage section of the Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes Worksheet, which asks them to apply any prior knowledge and/or speculate as to what the Richter magnitude scale is and what an epicenter is. Using the real-world data in the living lab enables students and teachers to practice analyzing data to solve problems and answer questions, in much the same way that scientists and engineers do every day. Y$Kr;V6[;Dq vg~cx:A[^jCssupwD endstream endobj 80 0 obj <> endobj 81 0 obj <>stream 0000009174 00000 n Overhead transparency of each of the handouts, Overhead projector (contact classroom teacher about this) and screen, Optional: overhead transparency or PowerPoint of, What do you know about the causes and impacts of Earthquakes? THREE SEISMOGRAMS Seismogram A - New York, NY 1 minute 1. (Figure 3):. minutes? In the ASN, standards are hierarchically structured: first by source; e.g., by state; within source by type; e.g., science or mathematics; Success is figuring out that the estimated magnitude is 5.9. 0000006538 00000 n 0000078169 00000 n 9 - Continue the discussion with the following questions (or assign these questions as homework): Have student groups explore one or more of the other two regions (Southern California and Japan) provided in the Virtual Earthquake simulation. Mapping the history of natural hazards in a region, combined with an understanding of related geologic forces can help forecast the locations and likelihoods of future events. PS: We do not share personal information or emails with anyone. Subject Areas: All 100,000+ K-12 STEM standards covered in TeachEngineering are collected, maintained and packaged by the Achievement Standards Network (ASN), These distances are determined using a travel-time curve, which is a graph of Pand S-wave arrival times (see Figure 13.11). waves from a distant earthquake. Type text, add images, blackout confidential details, add comments, highlights and more. Cross), Give Me Liberty! To abbreviate, use the symbol M (a capital M, plain text, no sub/superscripts) expressed to the nearest 0.1. Thus technology use varies from region to region and over time. So the difference in the P- and S-wave arrival times determines the distance between the epicenter and a seismometer. The period of P waves is shorter, than the period of surface waves. When seismic data is collected from at least three different locations, it can be used to determine the epicenter by where it intersects. 0000001143 00000 n The wavelength and frequency of a wave are related to one another by the speed of travel of the wave, which depends on the type of wave and the medium through which it is passing. 0000001675 00000 n www.teachengineering.org/activities/view/csm_findingepicenters_activity1, Search curriculum by Common Core standards, http://www.teachengineering.org/livinglabs/earthquakes/, Click to view other curriculum aligned to this Performance Expectation, Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes Worksheet, Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes (docx), Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes (pdf), Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes Example Answers (docx), Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes Example Answers (pdf), Earthquakes Living Lab: FAQs about P Waves, S Waves and More, Seismic Waves: How Earthquakes Move Through the Earth, Earthquakes Living Lab: Designing for Disaster, http://www.teachengineering.org/livinglabs/index.php, https://www.newpathonline.com/api_player/enus_54_6304/LXX/index.html. 3. epicenter - the point on Earth's surface directly above the focus, or origin, of an earthquake. 500p;333aXb3 \a.1. When the tension becomes too great, the fault slips, causing an earthquake. A seismograph is securely mounted onto the surface of the earth so that when the earth shakes, the entire unit shakes with it EXCEPT for the mass on the spring, which has inertia and remains in the same place. By looking at the time between the arrivals of the P- and S-waves, one can determine the distance to the earthquake from that station, with longer time intervals indicating longer distance. While no one can predict earthquakes, knowing the intensities, frequencies and locations of past earthquakes and fault planes helps us to better anticipate the locations and forces to expect, so we can do our best to prepare our communities and infrastructure to withstand them safely. Then locate and click the link in the center of the page under the question: "How is an earthquake epicenter located and how is magnitude determined?" 4. Epicenter Location on Earth's surface directly above the focus of the earthquake 5. !D,X2:azTG)kPT~Mj 4>d w@O'. Locating the Epicenter of an Earthquake - SE Asia a foldable activity, slide presentation to guide reading, and an answer key! In order to determine the location of an earthquake epicenter, seismographs from at least three different places are needed for a particular event. How might they use this information? earthquakes. epicenter: A point on the Earth's surface that is directly above the place where the underground forces of an earthquake originate. HS]o01j6R0iMm4U=wL8]BE< 0000079769 00000 n Fill Locating The Epicenter Of An Earthquake Worksheet Answers, Edit online. Direct student pairs to independently complete the tutorial/simulation to find an epicenter location via the triangulation method and compute the earthquake magnitude: The simulation directs students to look at three simplified seismograms from seismic stations in Chile (Talca, Santiago, Osorno) and select the correct measurements of the S-P intervals. The vertical lines, spaced one moment magnitude scale: Similar to the Richter scale, but replacing its use starting in the 1970s for more accuracy in measuring big earthquakes (magnitudes > 3.5) from greater distances. For purposes of this activity, the least complicated and probably most accurate approach is to just use the term "magnitude," without needing to say "on the Richter scale" or "on the moment magnitude scale." [*aiLG?+J\QI86~}ooRrr!pm}dk@dBbZPMZlC4C\9^ SM.R\!H+$|+DUzt^w{" %&{KXjT'9yzT^UFe:+f(`PU_9%EW@\)?i qp!\G Z endstream endobj 75 0 obj <>stream All the arcs should intersect at a common point - the epicenter. To make a magnitude determination, two measurements are needed: the S-P interval (already determined earlier in the tutorial) and the maximum amplitude of the seismic waves. 0000001777 00000 n Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. HTn0MmcHCB 0000030968 00000 n hb```f``Rl@ (l"`+uk?0.a~@6Vm;| G3f`75@v@Wz|A4#w9{(` ) miles from the epicenter of an (Grades 9 - 12). How does the period of the P waves compare to the period of the surface waves? Of the four Earthquakes Living Lab seismic areas, choose the "Chile" box, as shown in Figure 3. between arrival of P and S waves is called use slide 6 and answer key slide 7 how can i locate the earthquake epicenter michigan web the epicenter of the earthquake is somewhere on the edge of that circle do the pen recorded the arrival of P, S, and surface The living lab presents earthquake information through a focus on four active seismic areas and historic earthquakes in those areas. (, Find the S-P interval for each seismogram and record answers in the S-P column of, Find the distance to the epicenter (in kilometers) from each recording station and record answers in Table 1. Multiply the difference by 8.4 to estimate the distance, in kilometers, from the seismograph station to the epicenter. Identify P, S, and surface waves on seismograms, Measure amplitude and lag time on seismograms, Use triangulation to accurately locate the epicenter of an earthquake, Accurately report the latitude and longitude of the epicenter, Sea Floor Lab Help with Problem 2 - Tagged, Metamorphic Rocks Lab Instructions - Tagged, Lab exam 2 - Study guide for the second exam regarding all the labs and material covered, Redaccion de textos II Marco n membrete es aquello que se ubica en el sector superior de una pgina, mencionando el ttulo o el nombre de un individuo, una empresa, etc. Edit your locating an earthquake epicenter worksheet answers online. Sharing Information/Thinking Ahead: In the Evaluate section of the worksheet, student pairs are asked to compose answers to two questionswhether they think seismology is a reliable science and ways seismic data is useful for engineers. 5 4. 6. Seismograms Figure 1 is a simplified example of a Last updated November 26, 2013. If your seismograph station is 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 Also commonly termed the focus. Accessed December 11, 2013. http://www.sciencecourseware.com/virtualearthquake/, USGS Earthquake Magnitude Policy (implemented on January 18, 2002). Triangulation and Magnitude: Student pairs complete the worksheet, which includes following a tutorial/simulation accessed through the Earthquakes Living Lab. Use mathematical representations of phenomena or design solutions to describe and/or support claims and/or explanations. Section A - Operator Information 1. ya{I;W@DgMN2:UtbT=*+cY1.8Vm(u3Zt"J @9TAjJH@H_F3n7\Srdw~gAR#JQGj`ueS! located 1,000 miles from the What was the lag time (in minutes) at this location? 12), Seek, evaluate, and use a variety of specialized resources available from libraries, the Internet, and the community to find scientific information on Earth's history Now on the main page of the Earthquakes Living Lab website (see Figure 2), note the featuring of four active seismic areas and the mapping of real-time and current data from earthquakes happening around the world. Was there an initial quake followed by smaller quakes? lag time. 0000001893 00000 n This opens a new window to Michigan Techs UPSeis informational site about earthquakes and seismology. Locating Earthquake Epicenter Lab Answer Key buysms de. 0000001408 00000 n HlRnQ?R\>BjK' If the lag time were measured at a location closer to the epicenter, The period of a wave is the time between two adj, How does the period of the P waves compare to t. Use data from seismograms to locate the epicenters of earthquakes. Hand out the worksheets to the groups and direct them to read through the instructions. The seismometers are shown as green dots. to the lag time measured at this location? How does distance from the epicenter affect the magnitude (height) of the seismograph reading? ?t?s=Yt '_( endstream endobj 76 0 obj <>stream Locating An Earthquake Epicenter Lab Answers Thank you for reading Locating An Earthquake Epicenter Lab Answers . The USGS now uses the MMS to estimate magnitudes for all modern large earthquakes. If the lag time were measured at a location closer to the epicenter, how would it compare Three seismographs are needed. Ask students what fault they think caused this earthquake. 0000001978 00000 n Since the 1970s, the use of the Richter magnitude scale has largely been replaced in the scientific community by the moment magnitude scale (MMS). 0000055643 00000 n Upload a document. Civilization and its Discontents (Sigmund Freud), Educational Research: Competencies for Analysis and Applications (Gay L. R.; Mills Geoffrey E.; Airasian Peter W.), Brunner and Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing (Janice L. Hinkle; Kerry H. Cheever), Psychology (David G. Myers; C. Nathan DeWall), The Methodology of the Social Sciences (Max Weber), Business Law: Text and Cases (Kenneth W. Clarkson; Roger LeRoy Miller; Frank B. The calculated distance from each seismometer to the earthquake is shown as a circle. The distance to the earthquake epicenter is then determined using the "Earthquake P-Wave and S-Wave Travel Time" graph. The instrument detects and documents the intensity, direction and duration of ground vibrations, which are used to determine the epicenters and strength/magnitudes of earthquakes or other seismic events. 1) Identify the general term for waves released from an earthquake. earthquake lab lab: locating the epicenters of earthquakes objective measurable learning outcomes use data from seismograms to locate the epicenters of Skip to document Ask an Expert Sign inRegister Sign inRegister Home Ask an ExpertNew My Library Discovery Institutions Western Governors University Southern New Hampshire University Activity 4 Locating An Earthquake Epicenter Answers: Fill Out & Sign . For this activity, select the "Chile" box. Earth and Space, Physical Science, A process called triangulation uses seismic data from three locations to identify the epicenter of an earthquake.copyrightCopyright USGS http://earthquake.usgs.gov/learn/kids/eqscience.php. The USGS and its partners monitor and report earthquakes, assess earthquake impacts and hazards, and . [k0 |`2dGXGGGd00A(60P-e = F5n -f$ C P and Swaves are body waves and travel, through the interior of the earth. 0000001533 00000 n hWmo9+[+UH EkNB|6YiaVJ=cRh7{T1R,5LI1$K=s)XR&87@&$LTPLutlcyNuzjf--\?qaXZM&HM.Eg"HnTqSWqN0&~2kf0 Md|d&:zhe)7I? gov For online instructions and current fees click here. Ch Person/Attorney Filing: - Superior Court - Maricopa County - superiorcourt maricopa. locate and label the epicenter of the earthquake on this map. Graphs, charts, and images can be used to identify patterns in data. The magnitude determination is based on seismic data. directly above it on the surface of the earth is called the epicenter. Looking at the nomogram, students click on each location data point to see where the three lines intersect to read the estimated magnitude. 1,000 miles from the epicenter of an earthquake? As you read and complete the activity, take notes so you can complete the. The USGS Earthquake Hazards Program is part of the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP), established by Congress in 1977, and the USGS Advanced National Seismic System (ANSS) was established by Congress as a NEHRP facility. Must engineers be content with mitigating disasters, instead of preventing them? minute apart, represent the passage of time Accessed December 11, 2013. http://earthquake.usgs.gov/aboutus/docs/020204mag_policy.php. (Grades 0000005544 00000 n Please answer the following questions using the earthquake video - shake, shake, shake. Every year, earthquakes cause death and destruction worldwide. Great exercise for Regents Earth Science. Alignment agreement: P and Swaves are body waves and travelthrough the interior of the earth. Also called seismometer. important in helping seismologists determine the epicenter of the earthquake. 15 Bill Nye - Earthquakes Worksheet Key Earthquakes occur when the big pieces of earth's crust, called plates, move a little. Then locate and click the link in the center of the page under the question: "How is an earthquake epicenter located and how is magnitude determined"? 0000004511 00000 n What is an earthquake? What data is used to determine magnitude? The longer the time is between the P-and S-wave . : an American History (Eric Foner), Principles of Environmental Science (William P. Cunningham; Mary Ann Cunningham), Forecasting, Time Series, and Regression (Richard T. O'Connell; Anne B. Koehler), Chemistry: The Central Science (Theodore E. Brown; H. Eugene H LeMay; Bruce E. Bursten; Catherine Murphy; Patrick Woodward), Biological Science (Freeman Scott; Quillin Kim; Allison Lizabeth), Campbell Biology (Jane B. Reece; Lisa A. Urry; Michael L. Cain; Steven A. Wasserman; Peter V. Minorsky), How many minutes elapsed between the arrival of the first P wave and. minutes = 6 minutes. Thus, the Richter scale is used for measuring small earthquakes (3.5 M or less), while the moment magnitude scale is used for measuring stronger earthquakes (3.5 M or higher). 0000000016 00000 n They use three seismographs in a process called triangulation to determine earthquake epicenters. How does the Mad Scientist. Then do the same for the S-wave. Thanks for your feedback! Entering the three maximum amplitudes generates a nomogram, a graphical device that simplifies the process of estimating magnitude from distance (determined earlier in the tutorial from the S-P interval process) and amplitude. Add to Library. Pwaves have the greatest velocity and reach theseismic station first. at that station. velocity, amplitude, and frequency of the This investigation is considered generally safe to do with students. The point where your ruler crosses the middle line on the chart marks the magnitude (strength) of the earthquake. Moment magnitude scale. Today we will be using a traveltime graph, where the vertical separation between, the P and S curves is equal to the difference in the arrival times between the Pwave, and Swave. Follow this simple guide to edit Locating the epicenter of an earthquake worksheet answer key in PDF format online free of charge: Explore all the advantages of our editor right now! P and S arrivals, you can now locate an earthquake your answers below. You will analyze the records and locate the earthquake using a method known Specifically, seismographs make recordings (seismograms) of the seismic waves generated from earthquakes, providing engineers and other researchers with data that they use to make predictions about future earthquakes. Using this resource students find the arrival times of P-waves and S-waves using a seismogram. The nations most famous fault is the San Andreas Fault, which runs along a north-south trend in southern California, and happens to run directly through Los Angeles. Learn from this informative and clear video.Brought you by award-winning Once each student has constructed his or her circle on the map, mark with an X, the epicenter of the earthquake. Epicenter is the location on the surface of the Earth directly above where the earthquake starts. HTAn Scientists use triangulation to find the epicenter of an earthquake. How far do S waves travel in 5 seismogram. The three seismograms in this activity are unfi ltered station records from a single event that occurred on August 1, 1999. The time (Grades Students first triangulate the location of an earthquake's epicenter, then calculate its magnitude. Epicenter. Sixty-seven people lost their lives, and property damage was estimated at $6 billion. consider a seismograph stationed 3, An earthquake is what happens when two blocks of the earth suddenly slip past one directly above it on the surface of the earth is called the epicenter. Sign, fax and printable from PC, iPad, tablet or mobile with pdfFiller Note-taking Worksheet. Video Guide / Worksheets and Quizzes for Quizzes and Answer Sheet __ 2. In this activity, students use an online simulationVirtual Earthquakethat is accessible through the Earthquakes Living Lab interface, to locate the epicenter of an earthquake by making simple measurement on three seismograms, recordings of an earthquake's seismic waves detected by instruments (seismographs) far away from the earthquake. earthquake though). These natural disasters may be mitigated, however, by insightful and creative engineering. Place a ruler (or straight edge) on the chart between the points you marked for the distance to the epicenter and the amplitude. Mr Gneiss. Learn more How Can I Locate the Earthquake Epicenter? question 1 of 3. 13 4 locating an earthquake epicenter geosciences libretexts . Make arrangements so that each student group has a computer with Internet access. ' endstream endobj 69 0 obj <> endobj 70 0 obj [85 0 R] endobj 71 0 obj <> endobj 72 0 obj <> endobj 73 0 obj <>stream epicenter of an earthquake, how Mark the first arrival of the swave on each seismogram. 0000002544 00000 n 0000030504 00000 n El trmino tambin puede hacer referencia al ttulo o nombre de alguien a quien se di, Practica II - De Psicologian membrete es aquello que se ubica en el sector superior de una pgina, mencionando el ttulo o el nombre de un individuo, una empresa, etc. A little under 30 seconds, maybe around 26 seconds. Locating an Epicenter Activity - Arkansas Geological Survey Explain the difference between S and P waves, and how their time interval is used to determine the epicenter location. Notify the classroom teacher of technology needs (overhead projector). Focus (aka Hypocenter) is the location in the Earth where the earthquake starts. 0000001396 00000 n How can you locate an earthquake's epicenter? Using 3 seismograms the students will be able to triangulate the epicenter of an earthquake. Reading Strategy. xb``d``Id`a`Ab@_ :iWGi>|q` Three seismographs are needed. P wave. 0000001861 00000 n minutes and P waves 8 minutes to earthquake. Figure 13.10). Refer to the data table and use the difference in arrival times to determine the distance to the earthquake epicenter for Station 2. Yw8SxGk}X3kfTfW& gk`41#'uf7"G\fsN4^8jC7[+%`qFLFKpFc MS-ESS3-2. The magnitude is the logarithm of the amplitude of the ground wave. Direct students to finish the activity by completing the. Last modified July 18, 2012. Every earthquake is recorded on numerous seismographs located in different directions. Focal Depth. Seismic Waves. 1. 0000003254 00000 n The longer the time between the arrival of the P-wave and S-wave, the farther away is the epicenter. An earthquake is the violent movement of tectonic plates in the Earth's crust. Review their answers to assess their base knowledge of the subject matter. Once three seismographs have been located, find the time interval between the arrival of the P-wave and the arrival of the S-wave. hb```b````e``n`d@ A 'EF''oquE"ky#:}m;9JmkPt~=unFHy&|X:70 vILZ*|%6mD! 0000002383 00000 n Divide the class into student pairs, and have them assemble at their computers with journals/paper and writing instruments. Based on your answers to the previous question, what is the lag time for locations that are What did it feel like? Earthquakes Living Lab: Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes ActivityWorksheet Example Answers 4 now big earthquakes are measured using the moment magnitude scale; both scales essentially rank the power (energy release) of the earthquake. Choose an answer and hit 'next'. Some places are more prone to earthquakes than others. View Notes - Locating_an_epicenter_activity from SCIENCE Earth Scie at Toms River High North. !5(~q* Copyright USGS http://earthquake.usgs.gov/learn/kids/eqscience.php. 0000004224 00000 n As discussed earlier in this lesson, this method of determining the epicenter of an . At least 3 earthquake recording stations are required to find the location of the earthquake epicenter. surface wave? (, Have any of you ever experienced an earthquake or know anyone who has? 100 km 4.1 km/s 24.4 s; Finding the epicenter (continued) data table analyze and conclude answer the following questions on a separate sheet of paper.